Improvement in fallow-cultivators



J. RICHARDSON. F'ALLL'JW' CULTIVATOR.

N. 189,2156. Patented A ri1,--177 wmggg ma N-PETERS. FHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER.WASHINGTON, D. C

JOHN RICHARDSON, OF ANOASTER ONTARIO,

TOWNSHIP, WENTWORTH COUNTY,

CANADA.

lMPROVEMENT IN FALLOW-C-ULTIVATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 189 ,266, dated April3,1877 application filed August 11, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN RICHARDSON, of

the township of Ancaster, in the county of of a cultivator, of a lowerindependent frame,

secured to the rear of the main frame or truck by an adjustable rod orbar, and at the front by screw rods and nuts for adjusting the height ofthe frame, and a chain and elevatin g-wheel for raising said frame, asmore fully hereinafter set forth; second, in the combination, with thedraft-bar of the cultivator, and with the center bar, and adjustable atthe rear, of a longitudinal central bar for preventing the frame fromdrawing obliquely, as more fully hereinafter set forth; and, third, inthe combination, with the draft-bar, of a link and hook attached to thelower independent frame and longitudinal bar secured to the adjustablebar at the rear, for the purpose of adjusting and regulating theposition of the lower frame, as more fully hereinafter set forth andshown. By reference to theannexed drawings, forming part of thisspecification, Figure 1 represents a side view of my cultivator. Fig. 2is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a frontend view. Fig. 4 representsa view of a tooth without a cutter. Fig. 5, represents a cutterdetached. Fig. 6 represents a tooth with a cutter attached. I

- A A are the two wheels of the machine; B, the axle; G, the upperframe. affixed firmly to the axle. It is composed of light strips ofwood, but strongly jointed together. D is the lower frame, similar inconstruction to the upper one. It is movable vertically, and can beadjusted to any required height. E is the tongue; F, the drivers seat;G, the draft-rod, attached to the tongue and braced strongly to it. H isa link surrounding the draft-rod, and also hooked to the hook I, whichis fastened 'to the lower frame D. J is the flat rod attached to orsurrounding the draftrod, center-bolt, and rear adjustable bar, for thepurpose of preventing the cultivator from drawing obliquely on turning,as would be the case in its absence. K is the center-bolt, which isplaced at or near the center of the machine.

It passes through the flat bar J, and holds it firm in the center. L isthe frame attached to the tongue for supporting the circularshapedratchet-wheel M, which has notches out on one side, as shown, and isprovided with a lever, 01, for turning it.

A pawl, N, is arranged for its point to mesh into the notches of theratchet-wheel, which pawl is operated by the drivers foot.

Q is a chain connecting the ratchet-wheel M- and lower frame D, as shownmore clearly -in Fig. 3. O is an upright adjusting-bar at-v tached tothe lower frame D, and made to pass up through the top frame 0. It isperforated with holes, so that the rear end of the lower frame can beheld at any height by a pin, 0, inserted in one of the holes in the saidbar 0. P P are two front rods passing from the lower frame through thetop one. 'lheir upper ends are threaded, and hand-nuts 1t 1t screwedthereon, for the purpose of adjusting the lower frame to the desiredheight. S is one of the teeth of my cultivator T, the brace attachedthereto, with bent ends, and a hole, a, through each to fasten them tothe lower frame D. b, Fig. 4, shows the notch cut in the tooth, intowhich the cutter c, Fig. 5, is inserted and secured by a rivet.

The teeth used for gravel] y ground and tearing up couch-grass are madesimilar to Fig. 4, only there is no notch, as at b, cut therein. Theyare perfectly plain, and terminate in a sharp point, as shown.

The cutters c are sharp on their outer edges, and are for loosening theground and cutting through the roots of weeds and grass below thesurface of the ground.

My cultivator, as at present constructed, cuts four and a halffeet wide;but in cultivating hard ground, if the machine draws too heavy on thehorses, some of the outside teethcan be easily removed from each side,which will allow it to draw lighter. 1f only the outer teeth are removedit will out four feet, and the number of teeth on the outside can beremoved to enable the cultivator to cut any desired width, and also thecenter row of teeth can be removed, so that com, &c., when low, can becultivatedon 'both sides of each row at the same time.

I construct the wheels four feet three inches in diameter, which causesthe machine to run more easily than others, and they are also made twoinches thick, which prevents them from sinking in the ground.

The principal advantage of my cultivator is the adjustability of theteeth and their shape to suit soft, medium, or hard ground, as also theextreme lightness of its draft.

Having thus described my cultivator, what I claim as my invention, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with the frame D, adjustably secured to the rear ofthe cultivator by the rod 0 and pin 0, the rods 1? and nuts R, foradjusting the height of said frame, and the chain Q and wheel M, and itspawl for elevating said frame, substantially as herein set forth. y

2. In combination with the draft-bar G, the center-bolt, and rearadjustable bar 0, the bar J, for preventing the frame from drawingobliquely, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the draft-bar G, bolted to the tongue, the link Hand hook I, attached to the frame D, and the bar J, secured to the rod0, as and for the purposes set forth.

, Dated at Hamilton, Ontario, this 28th day of July, A. D. 1876.

. JOHN RICHARDSON. Signed in presence of- WM. BRUCE, H. G. STONE.

